Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- start [2024/11/04 17:06] – [Kronologi] sazli
+++ start [2024/11/06 15:55] (current) – [Kronologi] sazli
@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 Cebisan sejarah penyusuan ibu di Malaysia, disusun menurut kronologi peristiwa. Antara sumber utama ialah [[http://ofa.arkib.gov.my/|Arkib Negara Malaysia]], keratan-keratan akhbar di [[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/|NewspaperSG]] (arkib digital akhbar tempatan yang beribu pejabat di Singapura sejak tahun 1827, kelolaan [[https://www.nlb.gov.sg/|National Library Board (NLB) of Singapore]]), serta [[https://upnih.pnm.gov.my/myrepo-public/welcome/content/browse-content/collection/22|MyRepositori]] (arkib digital akhbar tempatan, kelolaan [[https://www.pnm.gov.my/|Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia]]). Pada setiap peristiwa, selain ringkasan liputannya, ditambahkan juga beberapa catatan ringkas atau capaian mengenai perkara atau tempat yang berkaitan, berdasarkan buku, makalah dan kertas kerja karya para ilmuwan dan pengkaji.
+Umumnya, perubahan-perubahan drastik dalam budaya penyusuan ibu dan pemakanan bayi sangat berkait rapat dengan kegiatan penghasilan dan pemasaran produk-produk pemakanan bayi, seiring dengan kesan-kesan sosioekonomi Revolusi Perindustrian Eropah, yang bermula sekitar pertengahan kurun ke-19. Menjelang awal kurun ke-20, kegiatan pemasaran ini berkembang ke negeri-negeri kolonial, termasuk Tanah Melayu, yang berada di bawah pengaruh (kemudiannya pentadbiran) British ketika itu. Selain iklan-iklan di akhbar, syarikat-syarikat Eropah ini turut memberi sumbangan produk-produk mereka di klinik-klinik kerajaan. Pengaruh syarikat-syarikat ini dalam dasar-dasar kesihatan pentadbiran British secara keseluruhannya, perlu kajian lanjut:-
+//"Media, industry, and medical profession promoted /intentionally or not/ bottle feeding rather than breast feeding. Bottle-feeding became ideal/reality established well before full thrust of multinational corporations at the local population. Meanwhile, milk companies do direct advertising, distribution of free samples, employment of company 'nurses', participated by infant welfare services, although correlation between artificial feeding and infant health has been documented in Britain in the mid-19th century, and 3rd world early 20th century. At the same time, ideas regarding infant health, woman's health, and mothering changed. Women can choose method of infant feeding, and medical personnel recommend supplementation where health of an infant appreared equivocal. ..... The role of milk companies in directly influencing clinic policy in these early years, for example through the donation of milk supplies and equipment, is suggested by the data, but the full extent of company influence requires further research."//
+(Sumber: Lenore Manderson, International Journal of Health Services, Vol. 12, No. 4 (1982), pp. 597-616 (20 pages): [[https://www.jstor.org/stable/45131579|"BOTTLE FEEDING AND IDEOLOGY IN COLONIAL MALAYA: THE PRODUCTION OF CHANGE"]]).
 {{:gambar:breastfeeding_mother_1892_by_alexandre_charpentier._nationalmuseum_stockholm_sweden.jpg?300|Gambar hiasan: Breastfeeding Mother, 1892, by Alexandre Charpentier. Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, Sweden. Bronze. NMSk 904. Bequest 1900 Vilhelm Meyerson.}} \\
@@ Line 13: / Line 19: @@
 | [[british-fms|{{:gambar:25ntvacklang_1577246430.jpg?220|British: Persekutuan Tanah Melayu (1895-1915)}}]] | \\ \\ \\ [[british-fms|British: Persekutuan Tanah Melayu (1895-1915)]] |
 | [[british-ww1|{{:gambar:ibu-bayi-1930an.png?190|British: Pasca Perang Besar Eropah (1915-1940)}}]] | \\ \\ \\ [[british-ww1|British: Pasca Perang Besar Eropah (1915-1940)]] |
-| [[british-jepun|{{:gambar:myfoto365637_kmh-1-9_wh2273.png?200|British: Pasca Pendudukan Jepun (1940-1957)}}]] | \\ \\ \\ [[british-jepun|British: Pasca Pendudukan Jepun (1940-1957)]] |
+| [[british-jepun|{{:gambar:ibu-bayi-1950an.png?210|British: Pasca Pendudukan Jepun (1940-1957)}}]] | \\ \\ \\ [[british-jepun|British: Pasca Pendudukan Jepun (1940-1957)]] |
-| [[merdeka|{{:gambar:ibu-bayi-1950an.png?210|Pasca Merdeka (1957-1970)}}]] | \\ \\ \\ [[merdeka|Pasca Merdeka (1957-1970)]] |
+| [[merdeka|{{:gambar:myfoto365637_kmh-1-9_wh2273.png?180|Pasca Merdeka (1957-1970)}}]] | \\ \\ \\ [[merdeka|Pasca Merdeka (1957-1970)]] |
 | [[pengindustrian|{{:gambar:myfoto88252_tn3992.png?200|Pengindustrian (1970-1990)}}]] | \\ \\ \\ [[pengindustrian|Pengindustrian (1970-1990)]] |